STANDARD COMPETENCIES:

 

 I.      Know and apply the ¿Rule of Threes¿ and the ¿Five Priorities¿ of Wilderness Survival.

         A.      Identify appropriate clothing and equipment for survival in the winter environment.

         B.      Assemble a ¿10 Essentials¿ kit.

         C.      Demonstrate the principles of winter shelters by building and spending an overnight in a snow shelter.

         D.      Identify the objective environmental hazards of winter in the mountains.

         E.      Know how to improvise emergency signaling devices.

         F.      Know and apply the principles, equipment, and techniques of avalanche forecasting, snow science, and safe decision making in avalanche terrain.

         G.      Know and apply the appropriate avalanche rescue techniques.

         H.      Employ the techniques of winter plant and animal track identification for the purpose of a worst-case-scenario in winter.

         I.      Recognize the difference between land navigation techniques in winter vs summer.

 TOPICAL OUTLINE:

 

 I.      Philosophy of Survival,  Case Histories,  Emergency Kits,  Winter Safety Equipment

 II.     Wilderness Ethics,  Winter Concerns, Maps

 III.    Land Navigation,  Topography, Map and Compass

 IV.     Wilderness Survival Equipment, Trip Planning

 V.      Winter Environmental Hazards,  Wilderness Equipment Discussions

 VI.     Winter Emergency Shelters

 VII.    Field Trip ¿ Routefinding in Winter, Snowshoe\Ski Trip

 VIII.   Ropes & Knots, Emergency Signals

 IX.     Weather, Winter Backcountry Travel, Trip Plans (55-78, 209-225)

 X       Overnight Field Trip ¿ Winter Shelters,  Avalanche Safety, Winter Ecology, Avalanche Awareness, Snow Science

 XI.     Evaluation of Field Trip,  Animal Tracking in Winter, Final Exam